Optical Spectral Tools for Diagnosing Water Media Quality: A Case Study on the Angara/Yenisey River System in the Siberian Region

This paper presents the results of spectral optical measurements of hydrochemical characteristics in the Angara/Yenisei river system (AYRS) extending from Lake Baikal to the estuary of the Yenisei River.For the first time, such large-scale observations were made as part Plush of a joint American-Russian expedition in July and August of 1995, when c

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Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of Calcipex and Metapex in endodontic treatment of chronic apical periodontitis: a randomised controlled trial study protocol

Introduction Various intracanal medicaments have been used in cases of chronic apical periodontitis for appropriate disinfection of the root canal system to eliminate microbes especially from the inaccessible areas.Calcium hydroxide is the most common intracanal medicament available in various forms, but its effectiveness with or without iodoform u

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Remarkable genetic diversity of Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli in two localities of southern Ecuador identified via deep sequencing of mini-exon gene amplicons

Abstract Background Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, and T.rangeli are kinetoplastid parasites endemic to Latin America.Although closely related to T.cruzi and capable of infecting humans, T.rangeli is non-pathogenic.Both parasite species are transmitted by triatomine bugs, and the presence of T.rangeli constitutes a confou

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How You Pay Determines What You Get: Alternative Financing Options as a Determinant of Publicly Funded Health Care in Canada

A Canadian returning home from a visit to a physician has no idea of the cost of providing the service just received.This is true for two reasons.One is because he or she does not receive a bill to pay.The other reason has to do the myriad of ways provincial governments fund the provision of health care.Health care is financed by a wide variety of

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